Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy for Knee and Shoulder Pain

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has emerged as a promising regenerative treatment for musculoskeletal pain, particularly in the knee and shoulder. This biologic therapy leverages the body's own healing mechanisms to reduce inflammation, promote tissue repair, and potentially delay or eliminate the need for surgical interventions. This article explores the science behind PRP, its applications for knee and shoulder pain, patient candidacy, and expected outcomes.

PRP is an autologous biologic therapy derived from a patient's own blood. The process involves:

1. Blood Collection – A small sample of blood is drawn from the patient.
2. Centrifugation – The sample is spun in a centrifuge to separate and concentrate platelets and growth factors.
3. Injection – The PRP is injected into the affected joint or soft tissue under ultrasound guidance for precision.

Platelets contain bioactive proteins and growth factors that stimulate tissue repair, reduce inflammation, and enhance cell regeneration. PRP is thought to accelerate healing by enhancing cellular signaling and modulating inflammatory responses.

Knee pain, commonly due to osteoarthritis (OA), meniscal injuries, or tendinopathies, can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. PRP has gained attention for its potential to manage these conditions by:

•  Reducing inflammation in osteoarthritic joints
•  Enhancing cartilage regeneration
•  Promoting healing of ligamentous and tendinous injuries

Several clinical studies have demonstrated PRP’s efficacy in knee osteoarthritis:

•  A 2021 meta-analysis found that PRP injections provided superior pain relief and functional improvement compared to hyaluronic acid (HA) and corticosteroids.
•  Studies indicate PRP may slow cartilage degeneration, making it a viable option for patients seeking to delay knee replacement surgery.

•  PRP has shown potential in improving symptoms in patients with chronic meniscal tears, particularly when surgery is not indicated.
•  For patellar tendinopathy ("jumper’s knee"), PRP has demonstrated improved pain relief and tendon healing compared to traditional therapies.

Shoulder pain often results from rotator cuff injuries, osteoarthritis, or bursitis. PRP may offer an alternative to corticosteroid injections, which can weaken tendons over time.

•  PRP has been studied extensively in partial-thickness rotator cuff tears and tendinopathies.
•  Research suggests PRP may enhance tendon healing, reduce pain, and improve function, particularly in non-surgical cases or as an adjunct to rehabilitation.

•  Emerging evidence indicates PRP injections may reduce pain and improve mobility in patients with shoulder osteoarthritis.
•  PRP has been found to decrease inflammation and pain in subacromial bursitis, potentially reducing reliance on corticosteroids.

PRP may be suitable for individuals who:

•  Have mild to moderate osteoarthritis
•  Have chronic tendon injuries (e.g., rotator cuff tendinopathy, patellar tendinopathy)
•  Prefer to avoid surgery or have failed conservative treatments
•  Do not have severe joint degeneration where surgery is the only option

Patients with severe arthritis, active infections, or bleeding disorders may not be ideal candidates.

•  Procedure Time: PRP injections typically take about 30-45 minutes, including blood draw and preparation.
•  Post-Injection Recovery: Mild discomfort and swelling are common for a few days post-injection. Patients are usually advised to limit strenuous activity for a short period.
•  Results Timeline: Pain relief may begin within weeks, with continued improvement over several months.
•  Number of Treatments: Some patients experience relief with a single injection, while others may require multiple sessions (typically 2-3 injections over several weeks).

PRP therapy represents a cutting-edge, minimally invasive approach to managing knee and shoulder pain. While research continues to evolve, current evidence supports its use for osteoarthritis, tendon injuries, and chronic joint pain. Patients considering PRP should consult with a physician experienced in regenerative medicine to determine if they are ideal candidates and to discuss personalized treatment plans.

As PRP continues to gain traction, its role in musculoskeletal medicine is expected to expand, offering new hope for those seeking alternatives to surgery and long-term pain relief.

If you're experiencing knee or shoulder pain and are looking for non-surgical options, PRP therapy may be right for you. Email Us or call/text at +1 (646) 290 - 6660 to schedule a consultation and learn more about how PRP can help you regain mobility and reduce pain effectively.